The embrace of the people to their expression in life and art.

Confinement and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic limited close physical contact, especially close ones, of which hugs stand out. The social impact of emptiness and affective isolation still endures. The hug is an innate affective response of the human being that is expressed in different circumstances. It originates from different brain regions, ranging from limbic to cortical, in which a complex interaction between afferents, signaling systems, and neurotransmitters is intertwined, conditioning a neurohormonal response with multisystem impact. The hug goes beyond this complex substrate, it represents the sublimation of the merely anatomical and physiological, to the affective manifestation of the human spirit. The objective of this brief essay is to put to your consideration the neuroscientific bases of the hug and its expression in the complexity of life and art. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] El confinamiento y aislamiento social durante la pandemia por COVID-19 limitaron el contacto físico estrecho, en especial los de cercanía, del que destacan los abrazos. El impacto social del vacío y aislamiento afectivo aún perdura. El abrazo es una respuesta innata afectiva del ser humano que se expresa en diferentes circunstancias. Tiene su origen en diferentes regiones cerebrales, que van de las límbicas a las corticales, en las que se entrelaza una compleja interacción entre aferencias, sistemas de señalización y neurotransmisores que condicionan una respuesta neurohormonal con impacto multisistémico. El abrazo va más allá de este complejo sustrato, representa la sublimación de lo meramente anatómico y fisiológico, a la manifestación afectiva del espíritu humano. El objetivo de este breve ensayo es poner a su consideración las bases neurocientíficas del abrazo y su expresión en la complejidad de la vida y el arte. (Spanish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Anestesiologia is the property of Colegio Mexicano de Anestesiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Epistemic Humility, Wisdom, and Cognitive Neuroscience

[...]rates of depression and anxiety have remained lower for older adults compared with younger adults (File & Marlay, 2021), perhaps demonstrating adaptability and the ability to draw on past experiences to survive current challenges. [...]the consideration of alternate therapies has the potential to enhance the process of wise decision-making. Mary "Molly" Camp Mary "Molly" Camp is a Geriatric Psychiatrist and Associate Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. Metonymy in medical student reflective writing (Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 2020), and Current educational practices for major neurocognitive disorders in psychiatry: A scoping review (Academic Psychiatry, 2021).

Perspectives on Neuroscience and Behavior

A recent review discussed the evidence that I N i -methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA) hypofunction, neuroimmune dysregulation, and mitochondrial energy metabolism acted through a "central hub" of oxidative stress that resulted in impaired oligodendrocytes and parvalbumin-GABAergic neuron microcircuits that produce the impaired neural synchronization and cognitive, emotional, and social deficits seen in schizophrenia (Cuenod and others 2022) Now, genome-wide polygenic risk scores (GW-PRSs) and pathway-specific polygenic risk scores (PRSs) have been studied in two samples of first episode of psychosis patients. Oxidative stress was the only one of the five pathways that showed significant enrichment in both sample 1 ( I P i <.03) and sample 2 ( I P i <.002) in Oxidative stress and psychosis, (Pistis and others 2022). Now, it has been found that increased neuropsychiatric symptoms correlate with the increased blood oxidative stress toxicity (OSTOX)/antioxidant (ANTIOX) ratio ( I r i SP 2 sp = 0.186) in 120 patients with long COVID and 36 controls. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Neuroscientist is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

The impact of social isolation on health and behavior in Drosophila melanogaster and beyond

Many organisms, including humans, have evolved dynamic social behaviors to promote survival. Public health studies show that isolation from social groups is a major risk factor for adverse health outcomes in humans, but these studies lack mechanistic understanding. Animal models can provide insight into the molecular and neural mechanisms underlying how social isolation impacts health through investigations using genetic, genomic, molecular, and neuroscience methods. In this review, we discuss Drosophila melanogaster as a robust genetic model for studying the effects of social isolation and for developing a mechanistic understanding of the perception of social isolation and how it impacts health.

Attention impairment in depression and anxiety

Our experience of the world is defined not only by what surrounds us, but also by what we pay attention to. Because goal-directed attention is essential for so many aspects of cognition, from perception to learning to decision-making, impairments of attention in the context of mental illness can be severely debilitating. Despite this impact, we know relatively little from human neuroscience about the specific attention impairments that comprise "concentration difficulties," a symptom and diagnostic criterion of mood and anxiety disorders that is often not alleviated with current first-line treatments. In this dissertation, I aim to better understand mechanisms of goal-directed attention in healthy adults and characterize various forms of attention impairment in individuals with depression and anxiety using multimodal human neuroscience methods.First, I review the state of the field regarding attention impairments in depression and anxiety (Chapter 1). I highlight both the key advances in cognitive neuroscience regarding the neural correlates of subtypes of attention and the ways in which these findings might inform precision psychiatry. Next, I investigate a potential neural correlate of selective attention in a sample of healthy adults using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (Chapter 2). Using statistical analysis tools to disentangle ongoing neural activity from stimulus-driven activity, I demonstrate that stimulus-independent neural signals are associated with the sharing of attended visual information across the cortex. Leveraging these findings, I then characterize selective attention impairments in adults with Major Depressive Disorder using fMRI and electro-encephalography (EEG) (Chapter 3). I find that feature-based selective attention impairments are severe in a subset of depressed individuals and are specifically associated with fronto-parietal hypo-connectivity and decreased posterior alpha oscillations, consistent with my prior observations of selective attention correlates in healthy adults.I then develop a machine-learning algorithm that can successfully predict changes in selective attention with antidepressant pharmacotherapy and show that stressors occurring in childhood are associated with poorer selective attention in depressed adults (Chapter 4). In a study of individuals with a range of mood and anxiety symptoms, I develop novel behavioral paradigms to assess transdiagnostic sub-domains of attention impairment (Chapter 5). These data reveal that spatial attention impairments partially mediate the association between early life stress and anxiety and are associated with increased anxiety and concentration problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, I put forward a theoretical model for how attention may become impaired in depression and anxiety and detail important directions for future research (Chapter 6).Together, these findings provide insight into the neural mechanisms underlying different subdomains of attention, clarify our understanding of attention impairments as a trans-diagnostic symptom dimension, and identify neural targets for the development of more personalized treatment, setting the stage for future studies in both basic and clinical neuroscience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

NEUROSCIENCE'S PRINCIPLES AND AL-QURAN RECITAL APPROACHES USED ON COVID-19 PATIENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN MALAYSIA

Al-Quran recital and neuroscience's principles contains various elements needed by humankind, such as religious, social, economic, health, medical, scientific, political and other aspects, as a guide for achieving prosperity in this life and the afterlife, reciting the al-Quran daily showers a person with continuous serenity, which is a very effective therapy for a person facing pressures in life. Recital Quran has a unique power in changing an individual's inappropriate behaviour to appropriate behaviour among COVID-19 patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia. The al-Quran also provides all the internal and external needs required by a person to face the various challenges among COVID-19 patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia. Reciting the al-Quran is not only advantageous to a person but listening to recitals can also provide serenity and blessings from Allah SWT. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results is the property of ResearchTrentz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Parallel worlds: Popular education through neuroscience and the fine arts

This chapter describes the Parallel Worlds event series from conception to delivery. Included are the neuroscientific and artistic phenomena explored throughout the project and the bridges between them, the roles of the presenters, the formats of the events, and the dynamic exchanges with the attendees. While originally slated to be experienced live in the galleries and studios of the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts (MMFA), the chapter will illustrate the various adaptations employed to rework the project for the virtual environment necessitated by COVID-19 restrictions. While the advantages of experiencing the fine arts and education live cannot be disputed, the virtual format of Parallel Worlds presented several advantages, which will be discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Organiser les coordinations et coopérations en santé : impulsions, obstacles et réalisations

La santé et ses enjeux sont analysés à travers des prismes théoriques variés, développés au sein de très nombreux champs disciplinaires, qu'il s'agisse des disciplines médicales et soignantes, de la santé publique, de la biologie et des neurosciences, des sciences humaines et sociales, telles que le droit, la sociologie, les sciences économiques, la psychologie, les sciences de gestion et du management. L'appréhension de la santé « au sens large » s'est progressivement développée, l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé définissant ainsi la santé comme « un état de complet bien-être physique, mental et social, [qui] ne consiste pas seulement en une absence de maladie ou d'infirmité ». Dans cette mouvance, sont promues les actions de prévention, de promotion et d'éducation à la santé. Ces dernières visent à « donner aux individus davantage de maîtrise de leur propre santé et davantage de moyens de l'améliorer » (Charte d'Ottawa, 1986). De même, la prise en charge globale de la personne et la construction de parcours intégrés de santé constituent désormais des enjeux fondamentaux pour les politiques de santé, en particulier dans les pays développés, confrontés au vieillissement de leur population et au développement des maladies chroniques. Face à ces défis structurels, mais également pour répondre à des situations plus aiguës ou qualifiées de « crise », telle celle liée à la pandémie récente « COVID-19 » ou celle issue de la pénurie de personnels de santé, la capacité à susciter, produire, organiser, structurer la coordination entre acteurs du système de santé, à différents échelons, et la coopération interorganisationnelle entre structures du secteur de la santé est au cœur des préoccupations des professionnels du secteur et des chercheurs de différentes disciplines.